Why are my gums bleeding?

Bleeding gums are common, but they're not something to ignore — they're often an early sign that your gums need attention.

The most common cause: plaque buildup

When plaque isn't removed thoroughly through brushing and flossing, it can irritate the gums, causing gingivitis — the early, reversible stage of gum disease, which often shows up as bleeding, especially when brushing or flossing.

Other possible causes

Brushing too hard, a new flossing routine, ill-fitting dentures or orthodontic appliances, certain medications (including blood thinners), hormonal changes (such as during pregnancy), and some vitamin deficiencies can also contribute to bleeding gums.

Is it gingivitis or something more advanced?

Gingivitis is usually reversible with improved oral hygiene and a professional clean. If left unaddressed, it can progress to periodontitis, a more serious form of gum disease that can affect the bone supporting your teeth — which is why early attention matters.

What you can do at home

Brush gently but thoroughly twice a day, floss or use interdental brushes daily, and don't stop cleaning the area just because it bleeds — consistent, gentle cleaning usually helps gums heal.

When to see a dentist

If bleeding persists beyond a week or two of improved home care, is heavy, or is accompanied by swelling, loose teeth, persistent bad breath, or receding gums, it's time for a professional assessment.

This article provides general information and does not constitute individualized medical advice. Always consult your dentist about your specific situation.